1. Te Pūnaha Whakatauranga IPX: Te Tikanga Tuturu o Ia Waehere

Ko te pūnaha whakatauranga IP (Ingress Protection) e tautuhia ana e te paerewa o te ao IEC 60529, e tohu ana i te taumata tiaki e whakaratohia ana e ngā whare hiko mai i te urunga mai o ngā mea ke (te mati tuatahi) me ngā wai (te mati tuarua). Mō ngā hua rama o waho, ko te mati tuarua (ko te X te tohu ina kāore te mati tuatahi i tohua, he mea noa tēnei mō ngā hua kāore te urunga mai o te matūriki totoka te mea nui) te mea nui mō te mahi ātete wai.

IPX4 — Ārai-pāwai:Ka tiakina te whare tiaki mai i te tauhiuhi wai mai i ngā taha katoa. Ka whakamahia e te kawa whakamātautau IEC 60529 he pūwero rehu e tauhiuhi ana i te wai i te 10 rita ia meneti mai i te tawhiti o te 0.3-0.5 mita mō te 5 meneti. Ka paahitia e te whare tiaki te whakamātautau mēnā kāore he wai e tomo ki roto i te whare tiaki i te nui e ranea ana hei whakararuraru i te mahi a te taputapu, hei pa atu rānei ki ngā wāhanga ora. Ko te IPX4 te whakatauranga iti rawa mō ngā hua ka whakamahia i te ua māmā, i te taha rānei o ngā tauhiuhi wai (hei tauira, te puni, te hikoi, te hī ika mai i te takutai).

IPX6 — He parenga wai kaha:E tiakina ana te whare mai i ngā pupuhi wai kaha mai i ngā taha katoa. E whakamahi ana te kawa whakamātautau IEC 60529 i tētahi pūwero 12.5mm e pupuhi ana i te wai i te 100 rita ia meneti i te pēhanga 100 kPa mai i te tawhiti o te 3 mita mō te 3 meneti. He nui ake te tono a te IPX6 i te IPX4 — he 10x teitei ake te tere rere o te wai, he 100x teitei ake te pēhanga wai, ā, he nui ake ngā pata wai. Ko te IPX6 te whakatauranga iti rawa mō ngā hua ka whakamahia i te ua nui, i te taha rānei o ngā pupuhi wai pēhanga teitei (hei tauira, te hoe waka, te whakamahi i ngā papa moana, te tinei ahi).

IPX7 — Parenga rumaki rangitahi:Ka tiakina te whare tiaki mai i te rumaki rangitahi ki roto i te wai i raro i ngā āhuatanga kua tautuhia o te pēhanga me te wā. Ka rumakina te whare tiaki e te kawa whakamātautau IEC 60529 i te hohonutanga 1 mita mō te 30 meneti. Ko te IPX7 te whakatauranga iti rawa mō ngā hua ka taea te rumaki mō te wā poto (hei tauira, te maturuturu ki roto i te puna wai, te whakamahi i roto i te wai pāpaku). EHARA te IPX7 i te kī he pai te hua mō te whakamahinga tonu i raro i te wai — mō te whakamahinga tonu i raro i te wai, me IPX8 te whakatauranga.

Ko te mea nui ki ngā kaikawemai, kāore ngā whakatauranga e toru i te ōrite, ā, kāore hoki e taea te whakawhiti. Kāore e taea te hokohoko i tētahi hua kua whakatauria he IPX4 hei IPX6, he IPX7 rānei, ā, kāore e taea te hokohoko i tētahi hua kua whakatauria he IPX6 hei IPX7. Me ōrite te kereme hokohoko ki te pūrongo whakamātautau tuturu. Ko te paerewa IEC 60529 kua whakaaetia ki Ūropi heiEN 60529, i Haina hei GB/T 4208, ā, i te Hononga o Amerika hei tohutoro paerewa UL. Me tono motuhake ngā kaihoko kawemai e hoko ana ki te mākete EU i ngā pūrongo whakamātautau EN 60529, kaua ko ngā pūrongo whakamātautau IEC 60529 anake, nā te mea ka uru pea ki te tangohanga EN ngā whakatikatika motuhake ki te EU. Ko teNgā whakaritenga tohu CE a te EU mō ngā taputapu hiko o wahotirohia te EN 60529 hei paerewa whakakotahi mō ngā kereme tiaki urunga.

2. Me pēhea te pānui i tētahi Pūrongo Whakamātautau IPX o te Wheketere

Me whakauru e ono ngā wāhanga motuhake ki roto i tētahi pūrongo whakamātautau IPX wheketere tika. Ko ngā pūrongo e kore e whakaurua tētahi o ēnei wāhanga e ono, ehara i te mea he pūrongo whakamātautau tuatoru tika — he rekoata whakamātautau wheketere pea, he whakarāpopototanga hokohoko, he tuhinga hangai rānei.

Huānga 1 — tohutoro paerewa IEC 60529.Me whakahua mārama te pūrongo i te IEC 60529 (te paerewa ā-motu ōrite rānei pērā i te EN 60529 i Ūropi, i te GB/T 4208 rānei i Haina) hei paerewa whakamātautau. Mēnā kāore te pūrongo e whakahua i tētahi paerewa, ehara i te pūrongo whakamātautau tika.

Huānga 2 — Kua whakamatautauria te waehere IPX motuhake.Me whakaatu te pūrongo i te waehere IPX motuhake i whakamatautauria (IPX4, IPX6, IPX7, me ētahi atu). Ko te pūrongo e kī ana "kua whakamatautauria mō te ātete wai" me te kore e tohua te waehere, ehara i te pūrongo whakamātautau IPX tika.

Huānga 3 — Ngā tawhā whakamātautau.Me whakaatu i roto i te pūrongo ngā tawhā whakamātautau motuhake i whakamahia (te tere rere o te wai, te pēhanga wai, te tawhiti rehu, te roa o te rehu, te hohonutanga o te rumaki, te roa o te rumaki). Me ōrite ēnei tawhā ki te kawa IEC 60529 mō te waehere IPX i kīia.

Huānga 4 — Te maha o ngā tauira i whakamatautauria.Me whakaatu te pūrongo i te maha o ngā tauira hua i whakamatautauria. E hiahiatia ana e te paerewa IEC 60529 te whakamātautau i te iti rawa o te 3 tauira; he maha ngā wheketere e whakamātautau ana i te 5-10 tauira mō te hua pakari ake. Kāore i oti te pūrongo kāore e whakaatu ana i te maha o ngā tauira.

Huānga 5 — Ngā paearu mō te paahitanga/te korenga.Me whakaatu i roto i te pūrongo ngā paearu angitu/kore angitu i whakamahia (ko te tikanga "kāore he wai e uru ki roto i te pouaka" "kāore he wai i tae ki ngā wāhanga ora") me te hua tuturu mō ia tauira i whakamatautauria. Kāore i oti te pūrongo e kī ana "kua paahitia te whakamātautau IPX6" me te kore e tohua te mea i inehia.

Huānga 6 — Te rā whakamātautau me te rā whakatikatika taputapu.Me whakaatu i roto i te pūrongo te rā i mahia ai te whakamātautau me te rā whakatikatika o ngā taputapu whakamātautau (pūwero rehu, ine pēhanga, mita rere). Me whakatikatika ā-tau ngā taputapu whakamātautau; he mea ruarua te pūrongo whakamātautau me te rā whakatikatika taputapu neke atu i te 12 marama i mua i te rā whakamātautau.

3. Ngā Tohu Whero e Toru i roto i ngā Pūrongo Whakamātautau IPX o te Wheketere

E toru ngā haki whero i roto i ngā pūrongo whakamātautau IPX o te wheketere e tohu ana kāore pea te kereme ārai-wai e tika ana. Me rapu motuhake e ngā kawemai e arotake ana i tētahi wheketere mō te wā tuatahi ēnei haki whero, ā, me tono whakamārama mai i te wheketere i mua i te tuku i te ota.

Haki Whero 1 — Nui atu te kereme hokohoko i te pūrongo whakamātautau.E kī ana ngā rauemi hokohoko a te wheketere (pepa raraunga hua, paetukutuku, takai hokohoko) he IPX6, he IPX7 rānei, engari e whakaatu ana te pūrongo whakamātautau i te whakamātautau IPX4. Koinei te whakaaturanga hē e tino kitea ana. Ka whakamātautau te wheketere i te hua ki te paerewa IPX4 māmā ake, engari ka hokohokohia hei paerewa IPX6, IPX7 rānei e tino tonohia ana. Me tono tonu te kaihoko kawemai i te pūrongo whakamātautau tuturu, ā, me manatoko kei te ōrite te waehere IPX ki te kereme hokohoko.

Haki Whero 2 — Mō tētahi tauira hua rerekē te pūrongo whakamātautau.Ka tukuna e te wheketere he pūrongo whakamātautau mō tētahi hua teitei ake te whakatakotoranga (hei tauira, he tauira utu nui ake me te hiri tāpiri), engari kei te tukuna ki te kaihoko kawemai he hua iti ake te whakatakotoranga (hei tauira, he tauira iti ake te utu me te hiri iti). He tika te pūrongo whakamātautau mō te hua teitei ake te whakatakotoranga, engari kāore e whakamana i te hua iti ake te whakatakotoranga. Me manatoko e te kaihoko kawemai kei te tautuhi te pūrongo whakamātautau i te tauira hua motuhake kua whakamatautauria, ā, kei te ōrite te tauira ki te hua e tukuna ana.

Haki Whero 3 — He roa ake i te 24 marama te roa o te pūrongo whakamātautau.Kāore te paerewa IEC 60529 e tohu ana i te roa o te wā e rongoa ai ngā pūrongo whakamātautau, engari ko te mahi a te umanga he whakamātautau anō i ngā hua i ia 24 marama nā te mea ka pirau pea ngā rauemi hiri (ngā mowhiti-O, ngā gasket, ngā matū kohua) i roto i te wā me ngā āhuatanga rokiroki. Ko te pūrongo whakamātautau neke atu i te 24 marama te pakeke, kāore pea e whakaata i te kounga whakaputa o nāianei. Me tono te kaihoko kawemai i tētahi pūrongo whakamātautau hou mō tētahi hua kua neke atu i te 24 marama te roa o te whakaputanga.

4. Ngā Whakamātautau Manatoko IPX ka Taea e te Kaihomai te Whakahaere i te Tirotiro Whiwhinga

Ahakoa he pūrongo whakamātautau IPX pono ā te wheketere, me whakahaere e te kaihoko kawemai ngā whakamātautau manatoko motuhake i te wā tirotiro hei whakaū kei te tutuki ngā waeine whakaputa i te whakatauranga IPX i kīia. He iti te utu o ngā whakamātautau manatoko, ā, ka taea te whakahaere i roto i tētahi whare putunga he puna wai tōna.

Whakamātautau manatoko mō te IPX4 (whakamātautau tauhiuhi):Whakatakotoria te rama matua ki raro i tētahi taputapu e rere ana me te rere o te wai i te 10 rita ia meneti (he taputapu kīhini noa i te pēhanga katoa) mō te 5 meneti mai i te tawhiti o te 30-50 cm. Whai muri i te whakamātautau, whakatuwheratia te wāhanga pākahiko ka tirohia mēnā he wai e tomo mai ana. Ka paahitia e te rama matua te whakamātautau manatoko mēnā kāore he wai e kitea ana i roto i te wāhanga pākahiko, i runga rānei i ngā hononga pākahiko.

Whakamātautau manatoko mō te IPX6 (whakamātautau pupuhi wai kaha):Whakamahia he mīhini horoi pēhanga kua whakatakotoria ki te 100 kPa pea (te tautuhinga iti rawa i runga i te nuinga o ngā mīhini horoi pēhanga a te kaihoko) ka rehuhia te rama matua mai i te tawhiti o te 3 mita mō te 3 meneti. Whai muri i te whakamātautau, whakatuwheratia te wāhanga pākahiko ka tirohia mēnā he wai e tomo mai ana. Ka paahitia e te rama matua te whakamātautau manatoko mēnā kāore he wai e kitea ana i roto i te wāhanga pākahiko, i runga rānei i ngā hononga pākahiko. Me whakamahi he mīhini horoi pēhanga mō te whakamātautau IPX6; mēnā kāore he mīhini horoi pēhanga a te kaihoko mai, kāore e taea te whakahaere i te whakamātautau manatoko IPX6.

Whakamātautau manatoko mō te IPX7 (whakamātautau rumaki):Tōia te rama matua ki roto i tētahi ipu wai i te hohonutanga 1 mita mō te 30 meneti. Whai muri i te whakamātautau, whakatuwheratia te wāhanga pākahiko, ka tirotirohia mēnā he wai e tomo mai ana. Ka paahitia e te rama matua te whakamātautau manatoko mēnā kāore he wai e kitea ana i roto i te wāhanga pākahiko, i runga rānei i ngā hononga pākahiko. Mō te whakamātautau IPX7, me whai ipu ka taea te pupuri i te rama matua i te hohonutanga 1 mita; he nui pea he totohu hohonu, he peere 5-karani rānei. Mō ngā kaikawemai e hiahia ana ki te manatoko i te whakatauranga IPX i tētahi taiwhanga tuatoru, kaua i roto i tō rātou ake whare putunga, ko teTe tikanga whakamātautau IEC 60529e wātea ana i tētahi taiwhanga whakamātautau kua whakamanahia e ISO 17025; ko te utu noa ko te $500-$2,000 mō ia waehere IPX mō ia tauira hua, ā, ko te wā whakaoti noa ko te 5-10 ngā rā pakihi.

Me whakahaere ngā whakamātautau manatoko ki runga i te 3-5 waeine kua tīpakohia matapōkeretia mai i ia puranga whakaputa. He iti iho te utu mō te whakakapi i te 3-5 waeine mō ia puranga i te utu mō te kereme pūtāhui, te whakahokinga hua rānei mēnā kāore ngā waeine whakaputa e tutuki i te whakatauranga IPX i kīia.

Te rahi o te tauira me te māiatanga tatauranga:Mō tētahi puranga whakaputa 10,000-wae, mā te whakamātautau i ngā waeine 3-5 kua tīpakohia matapōkeretia ka puta he āputa whakapono tatauranga 95% e whakaatu ana kei raro iho i te 5% te reiti rahunga o te puranga mēnā ka angitu ngā waeine katoa kua whakamatautauria. Mēnā e hiahia ana te kawemai kia nui ake te whakapono (hei tauira, 95% te whakapono kei raro iho i te 2% te reiti rahunga o te puranga), me whakanui te rahi o te tauira ki te 10-15 pea. He iti te utu taha mō ngā tauira tāpiri (ko ia rama matua he $5-$15 te utu rarawe), ā, he pai te whakapono tāpiri mō te utu mō tētahi puranga whakaputa nui-rahi.

5. Te Tauhokohoko Utu-Kounga: He aha te nui ake o te utu o te IPX6 i te IPX4

E toru ngā āhuatanga e ārahi ana i te rerekētanga utu o te wheketere i waenga i ngā whakatauranga IPX4, IPX6, me IPX7: te hoahoa hiri, te whakatauranga pēhanga o te whare, me te wā whakamātautau QC. Ia pikinga ake i te arawhata whakatauranga IPX ka tāpirihia he utu, engari ka tāpirihia hoki he tiakitanga pūtāhui mō te kaihoko mai.

Te pikinga utu IPX4 ki IPX6 (8-12%):Ko te whakatauranga IPX6 me hiri kaha ake i te IPX4. Me tāpiri e te wheketere he hiri ki ngā pūwāhi urunga wai katoa (te mowhiti-O o te wāhanga pākahiko, te taupoki tauranga USB, te pūtu pana, ngā pūwāhi whakapiringa upoko) ā, me manatoko te hiri mā te whakamātautau QC uaua ake (he roa ake te whakamātautau rehu IPX6 i te whakamātautau rehu IPX4). Ko te pikinga utu 8-12% e kapi ana i ngā wāhanga hiri tāpiri me te wā QC tāpiri.

Te pikinga utu IPX6 ki IPX7 (5-8%):E hiahiatia ana kia tu te whare i te pēhanga wai 1 mita te teitei mō te 30 meneti, e ai ki te whakatauranga IPX7. Me whakamahi te wheketere i tētahi hoahoa whare he nui ake te pēhanga (he pakitara whare matotoru ake, he rauemi whare pakari ake rānei) ā, me tāpiri he matū kohua ki ngā tomokanga taura hei ārai i te urunga mai o te wai i raro i te pēhanga. Ko te pikinga utu 5-8% e kapi ana i te utu rauemi tāpiri me te wā huihuinga tāpiri.

Te pikinga utu katoa mai i te IPX4 ki te IPX7 (13-20%):Ko te rerekētanga katoa o te utu o te rama IPX4 me te rama IPX7 i te nuinga o te wā he 13-20%. Ka whakahokia te utu i roto i ngā reiti kereme pūtāhui iti ake mō ngā hapa o te urunga mai o te wai, arā, 3-5% o ngā waeine ia tau mō ngā rama IPX4 e whakamahia ana i ngā āhuatanga ua, me te 0.5-1% mō ngā rama IPX7 i roto i ngā āhuatanga ōrite. Mō te kaihoko kawemai e hoko ana i te 10,000 waeine ia tau, ka taea e ngā penapena utu pūtāhui te nui ake i te utu tāpiri o te rama i roto i te tau tuatahi.

Mō te kaihoko kawemai e hoko ana i te 10,000 waeine ia tau i te utu hoko rahinga $15, ko te penapena utu whakamana mai i te whakapai ake i te IPX4 ki te IPX7 he tata ki te $4,500 ia tau (3% te reiti whakamana i te $15/waeine). Ko te utu tāpiri i te wheketere he tata ki te $2,500 (10,000 waeine × $15 × 17% te pikinga). Ko te painga utu kupenga he tata ki te $2,000 ia tau hei tautoko i te whakapai ake i te IPX7. Ka pai ake te tātaritanga utu-painga i ngā rahinga nui ake me ngā mākete he nui ake ngā whakaritenga a te kaiwhakamahi mutunga.

6. Ngā Rahunga o te Ao Tūturu: Ina Whakakorea te Whakatauranga IPX

E toru ngā take rahunga mara mai i ngā pūkete tautoko kiritaki o Ningbo Mengting e whakaatu ana i ngā hua o te hē o te whakaatu, te pānui hē rānei i te whakatauranga IPX. I ia take, i rapu te kawemai i tētahi hua me te whakatauranga IPX i hē te whakaatu, i whakamahi rānei i tētahi hua IPX4 ki tētahi tono e hiahia ana ki te IPX6, IPX7 rānei.

Take 1 — Mekameka hokohoko o waho, Tiamana (2023 Q2):I tono tetahi mekameka hokohoko o waho Tiamana i ngā waeine 6,000 o te rama matua i hokohokohia ko te "ātete wai IPX6" hei tohatoha ki ngā kaihokohoko puni me te hikoi puta noa i Tiamana. I muri i ngā marama e 4 o ngā hokohoko hokohoko, i whiwhi te mekameka i ngā hokinga mai a ngā kaihoko e whakaatu ana tata ki te 18% o ngā waeine i rahua i muri i te ua nui. I whakaatuhia e te rangahau i whakamatauria e te wheketere Haina te hua ki ngā tawhā IPX4 engari i hokohokohia te hua hei IPX6. Ko te utu whakamana o te mekameka hokohoko tata ki te $16,200 USD (18% × 6,000 × $15). Mai i taua wā kua whakahau te mekameka hokohoko me whakarato e ngā kaiwhakarato rama matua katoa he pūrongo whakamātautau IPX tuatoru me te tuku, ā, me iti iho i te 12 marama te pakeke o te pūrongo.

Take 2 — Kaiwhakarato haumaru ahumahi, Ahitereiria (2024 Q1):I tono tetahi kaiwhakarato haumaru ahumahi o Ahitereiria i ētahi rama matua IPX4 e 4,000 hei whakamahi mā ngā kaimahi maina i Te Tai Hauāuru o Ahitereiria. I tohua e te kaiwhakarato te IPX4 i roto i te ota hoko engari kāore i tohua te whakaritenga tono (i pāngia ngā kaimahi maina e ngā rehu wai pēhanga teitei i te wā e horoi ana i ngā taputapu). I muri i te 6 marama o te whakamahinga, tata ki te 22% o ngā waeine i rahua i muri i te pānga ki ngā rehu wai pēhanga teitei. Ko te utu whakamana a te kaiwhakarato he tata ki te $13,200 USD. Mai i taua wā kua whakapai ake te kaiwhakarato ki ngā rama matua IPX6 mō ngā kiritaki katoa o te umanga maina, ahakoa te utu nui ake i te wheketere.

Take 3 — Hokohoko a te Kāwanatanga, Āhia ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti (2024 Q4):I roto i tētahi kirimana hoko a te kāwanatanga o Āhia ki te Tonga-Rawhiti mō ngā rama upoko urupare ohorere, i kīia he "ātete wai" engari kāore i tohua te waehere IPX. I whakawhiwhia te kirimana ki tētahi kaituku ā-rohe nāna i tiki ngā rama upoko whakatauranga IPX4 i te utu iti rawa. I tukuna ngā rama upoko ki ngā tīma urupare ohorere i whakamahi i aua rama i roto i ngā mahi whakaora waipuke. Whai muri i te waipuke tuatahi, i rahua te 35% o ngā waeine nā te urunga mai o te wai, ā, i whakararu i ngā mahi whakaora, ā, i puta he mōrearea nui ki te haumaru. Mai i taua wā, kua whakahau te kāwanatanga kia tohua e ngā hoko rama upoko urupare ohorere katoa he IPX7, he teitei ake rānei.

E whakaatu ana ngā tauira e toru i runga ake nei i tētahi tauira ōrite: ko te utu mō te whakaatu hē, te whakaiti rānei i te whakatauranga IPX he maha ngā wā ka penapenahia e te tapahi i ngā huarahi ki ngā whakaritenga IPX. Ko te kaihoko kawemai e rapu ana i tētahi hua whai whakatauranga IPX4 tika, ā, e whakamahi ana i roto i tētahi tono e tika ana mō te IPX4, ka kite i te reiti kereme pūtāhui tata ki te 1-2%. Ko te kaihoko kawemai e rapu ana i tētahi hua whai whakatauranga IPX4 engari e hokohoko ana hei IPX6, ka kite i te reiti kereme pūtāhui 15-20% ina whakamahia te hua i roto i ngā āhuatanga e nui ake ana i te kaha o te IPX4.

7. Me pēhea te Tauwhāiti i te Whakatauranga IPX i roto i te Ota Hoko

Me whakamārama mārama te kaihoko kawemai i te whakatauranga IPX i roto i te kirimana ota hoko, kaua i roto i ngā whakawhitiwhitinga kōrero noa iho me te wheketere. Me whakauru ki ngā whakatakotoranga te waehere IPX (IPX4, IPX6, IPX7), te paerewa whakamātautau (IEC 60529), te whakaritenga pūrongo whakamātautau (me waiho hei pūrongo whakamātautau tuatoru, kaua hei whakamātautau wheketere o roto), me te whakaritenga tau mō te pūrongo whakamātautau (me iti iho i te 24 marama te pakeke i te wā tuku).

Me whakauru hoki ki te whakaritenga ota hoko te whakaritenga whakamātautau manatoko: me whakahaere e te wheketere te whakamātautau manatoko IPX i runga i te iti rawa i te 3 ngā waeine kua tīpakohia matapōkeretia mai i ia puranga whakaputa, ā, me whakarato hoki i te pūrongo whakamātautau manatoko me te uta. Ko te pūrongo whakamātautau manatoko te pou tautoko kounga a te kaikawemai mēnā he mea hanga, he tawhito rānei te pūrongo whakamātautau a te hunga tuatoru.

Mena kāore e taea, e kore rānei e pai te wheketere ki te whakarato i tētahi pūrongo whakamātautau IPX a te tuatoru, me whakaaro te kaihoko kawemai he tohu nui tēnei, ā, me tono rānei i tētahi tauira hei whakamātautau motuhake i te whare whakamātautau a te kaihoko kawemai, me tiki rānei te hua mai i tētahi atu wheketere ka taea te whakarato i te pūrongo whakamātautau. He iti iho te utu o te whakamātautau motuhake i tētahi taiwhanga tuatoru (ko te tikanga he $500-$2,000 mō ia waehere IPX mō ia tauira hua) i te utu o te whakahokinga hua mō tētahi kereme IPX teka.

8. Ngā Pātai Auau

P: He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā whakatauranga ātete wai IPX4, IPX6, me IPX7?

A: IPX4 = tiakina mai i te tauhiuhi wai mai i tētahi taha (whakamātautau: 10 rita/meneti te rehu wai mō te 5 meneti). IPX6 = tiakina mai i ngā pupuhi wai kaha (whakamātautau: 100 rita/meneti i te 100 kPa mai i te tawhiti 3m mō te 3 meneti). IPX7 = tiakina mai i te rumaki rangitahi (whakamātautau: 1 mita te hohonu mō te 30 meneti). Kāore ēnei whakatauranga i te ōrite — ka taea te ruku ki raro i te wai a IPX7 engari kāore a IPX6, ā, he tauhiuhi anake a IPX4 engari kāore a IPX6.

P: Me pēhea taku whakamana i te pono o te pūrongo whakamātautau IPX a te wheketere?

A: Me whakauru i roto i tētahi pūrongo whakamātautau IPX wheketere tika: (1) te tohutoro paerewa IEC 60529, (2) te waehere IPX motuhake i whakamatautauria (IPX4, IPX6, me ētahi atu), (3) ngā tawhā whakamātautau (tere rere wai, pēhanga, roa, tawhiti), (4) te maha o ngā tauira i whakamatautauria (te nuinga o te wā 3-5 ngā waeine), (5) ngā paearu paahitanga/rahungatanga (kāore he wai e uru ki roto i te pouaka), me (6) te rā whakamātautau me te rā whakatikatika taputapu whakamātautau. Ko ngā pūrongo e kore e whakaurua tētahi o ēnei āhuatanga e ono, ehara i te mea he pūrongo whakamātautau tuatoru tika.

Q: Ka taea tonu te pakaru o te rama matua i te ua, ahakoa he IPX4 te whakatauranga?

Āe, me ora te rama matua he IPX4 te whakatauranga tika i te ua māmā ki te ua pakupaku, me te kore e uru te wai. Heoi, he tauhiuhi anake te IPX4, ā, kāore i hangaia hei whakahaere i ngā ua nui, i te ruku, i ngā pupuhi wai pēhanga teitei rānei. Mō te ua nui, mō ngā hākinakina wai rānei, me tohu e te kaihoko kawemai te IPX6, te IPX7 rānei, kaua ko te IPX4. Ko te tino take o te pakaru o te rama matua IPX4 i te ua ko te hiri kua pakaru (ko te taupoki tauranga USB, ko te mowhiti-O rānei o te wāhanga pākahiko) kāore i tirohia tika i mua i te whakatinanatanga.

P: He aha te rerekētanga utu i waenga i ngā rama matua IPX4, IPX6, me IPX7?

A: Ko te rerekētanga utu o te whare wheketere i waenga i te IPX4 me te IPX6 he 8-12% te tikanga (hiri tāpiri, whakamātautau QC tāpiri). Ko te rerekētanga utu o te whare wheketere i waenga i te IPX6 me te IPX7 he 5-8% te tikanga (pēhanga whare tāpiri, matū kohua tāpiri i ngā whakaurunga taura). Ko te rerekētanga utu katoa i waenga i te rama upoko IPX4 me te rama upoko IPX7 he 13-20% te tikanga i te utu o te whare wheketere. Ka whakahokia te utu i roto i ngā reiti kereme pūtāhui iti mō ngā rahunga urunga wai.

9. Tohutoro ā-Roto: Me pēhea te Tauwhāiti i te Whakatauranga IPX i roto i te Ota Hokonga a Mengting

Ngā hononga ā-roto:Rama mua LED COB ātete wai IPX4 a Mengting · Mō Ningbo Mengting Outdoor Implement Co., Ltd. · Te whakarōpūtanga hua rama matua · Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i tētahi rama matua o waho e tika ana · Ratonga rama matua ritenga ODM/OEM a Mengting · Te rangitaki rama o waho o Mengting · Ngā purongo ahumahi o Mengting