Ngā Pūrongo

Kua hurihia e ngā rama upoko o waho te āhua o tō wheako i te pō. Ka whakamārama i tō ara i ngā mahi pēnei i te hikoi, te puni, me te eke pahikara, ā, ka noho haumaru ake, ka nui ake hoki te ngahau. E whakaatu ana te hītori o te whanaketanga o ngā rama upoko o waho i tētahi haerenga whakamīharo mai i ngā rama carbide māmā ki te hangarau LED matatau. Ka tukuna e ēnei taputapu he rama kore-ringa, ka taea ai e koe te whakatere i te pōuri me te ngāwari. Ahakoa kei te pānui pukapuka koe i roto i te tēneti, kei te tūhura rānei i tētahi ara, kua noho ngā rama upoko hei taputapu nui mō ngā kaihōpara pēnei i a koe.

He aha te Rama Matua?

Te Whakamāramatanga me ngā Wāhanga Taketake

He taputapu rama kawe te rama matua ka mau ki runga i tō mahunga. Ka hoatu he māramatanga kore-ringa, he mea tino pai mō ngā mahi o waho. Ko ngā wāhanga matua o te rama matua ko te pūtake mārama, he pūtake hiko, me te potae, te whitiki rānei hei whakau i a ia ki tōna tūranga.

Pūtake Mārama: He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā rama matua o ēnei rā te LEDngā pūangi. He tino kanapa, he tino whai hua hoki te hiko o ēnei pūangi. I ngā wā o mua, i whakamahia ngā miro tungsten i roto i ngā rama matua, he iti ake te whai hua, he iti ake hoki te roa.

Pūtake HikoKo ngā rama matua he pākahiko te tikanga. Tērā pea ka kitea e koe ngā tauira he pākahiko ka taea te whakahou, he watea, he pai hoki mō te taiao. Ko ētahi rama matua matatau kei roto ko ngā kōwhiringa hiko o te rā.
He potae, he whitiki rāneiMā tēnei wāhanga ka mau tonu te rama o mua ki runga i tō mahunga. Mā tēnei ka taea e koe te whakarite i te taunga kia pai ai te whakamahi mō te wā roa.

Ngā Whakamahinga me ngā Taupānga o Mua

He rama kei ngā upokohītori whai rawahe whakamahinga i roto i ngā momo mara. I te tīmatanga, i mahi ēnei rama ki ngā kaimaina me ngā kaitārai ana i hiahia ki ngā puna mārama pono i roto i ngā taiao pōuri. Ko ngā rama carbide, tētahi o ngā momo tuatahi, i whakarato i te māramatanga mā te tauhohenga matū i waenga i te wai me te konupūmā carbide. I rongonui ēnei rama i roto i te maina nā tō rātou mura kanapa me te ātete ki te hau me te ua.

I te whanaketanga o te hangarau, ka puta mai ngā rama hiko. Nā te whakaurunga mai o ngā hoahoa pākahiko i huri te ao o waho. Inaianei ka taea e koe te tūhura i ngā ana, ngā ara hikoi, te puni rānei me te pūtake mārama pono. Nā tēnei auahatanga i haumaru ake ai, i ngāwari ake ai hoki te uru atu ki ngā haerenga o waho.

I ēnei rā, kei te whanake tonu ngā rama matua. Kei roto i ēnei ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te kanapa ka taea te whakarerekē, ngā momo rama whero mō te tirohanga pō, me ngā pūoko atamai ka urutau ki tō taiao. Nā ēnei whanaketanga ka waiho ngā rama matua hei taputapu tino nui mō te hunga e haereere ana ki waho.

Te Hītori o te Whanaketanga o ngā Rama Matua o Waho

Ngā Tīmatanga: Ngā Rama Carbide me te Hinu

Te Tūranga o ngā Rama Carbide i roto i te Keri

I te mutunga o te rautau 19, i puta ake ngā rama carbide hei auahatanga hou.Thomas Willsoni hangaia ēnei rama i te tau1892, e huri ana i te whakamārama i roto i te maina me te ana. Tērā pea ka miharo koe ki tā rātou mahi. I whakaputa ngā rama carbide i te mārama mā te tauhohenga matū i waenga i te konupūmā carbide me te wai. Nā tēnei tauhohenga i whakaputa te hau acetylene, ā, i mura kanapa. I tere te tango a ngā kaimaina i ēnei rama nā te mea he huarahi pai ake hei whakakapi i ngā kānara, i ngā rama hinu rānei. Nā te pai ake o te tirohanga i whakaiti i ngā aituā me te whakapiki ake i te hua, ā, he mea nui tēnei ki te tipu o te ahumahi.

"Ko ngā rama kāpira te rama matua i whiriwhiria tae noa ki te tekau tau atu i 1930 i te wā i riro ai i ngā rama matua pākahiko te mana whakahaere hei rama matua pai rawa atu."

Te Whakawhiti ki ngā Rama Hinu mō te Whakamahinga o Waho

I mua i ngā rama kāpira, he mea noa ngā rama taupoki miki hinu. I hangaia i te tau1850, ka tukuna e ēnei rama he mura kau, he mārama noa iho kia kitea ai e ngā kaimaina te mea kei mua tonu. Heoi, nā te iti o te whānuitanga i kore ai e whai hua mō ngā mahi o waho. I te rongonui haere o ngā rama karāhe, ka neke atu rātou i te maina ki te whakamahi o waho. Nā te kanapa o te mura me te ātete ki te hau me te ua i pai ai mō ngā kaihōpara pērā i a koe. Ahakoa ō rātou painga, i te mutunga ka taupokina e te whanaketanga o ngā rama hiko ngā rama karāhe.

Te taenga mai o ngā rama hiko

Te Whakataki i ngā Hoahoa Pūhiko

Ko te whakaurunga mai o ngā rama hiko he tohu nui i roto i te hītori o te whanaketanga o ngā rama hiko o waho. He puna mārama pono, he puna mārama kawe hoki ngā hoahoa pūhiko. Ka taea e koe te tūhura i ngā ana, ngā ara hikoi, te puni rānei me te māia. I homai e ēnei rama he mārama kanapa me ngā pākahiko ka taea te whakahou, ahakoa i te tīmatanga he wero pēnei i te taumaha me te utu. I roto i te wā, i whakatikahia ēnei take e ngā whanaketanga o te hangarau pūhiko, ā, i ngāwari ake ai te uru atu ki ngā rama hiko.

Pānga ki ngā Mahi o Waho

Nā ngā rama hiko i whakarerekē ngā mahi o waho. Kāore koe i hiahia ki te whakawhirinaki ki ngā mura ahi, ki ngā taputapu uaua rānei. Engari, i pai ki a koe te whakamārama kore-ringa, i whakarei ake i tō haumaru me tō watea. Ko te nekehanga mai i ngā rama hiko he wā nui i roto i te hītori o te whanaketanga o ngā rama o waho. Nā tēnei nekehanga i whakatakoto te ara mō ngā auahatanga hou, pērā i te hangarau LED me ngā pūoko atamai, e whakapai tonu ana i ō wheako o waho.

Ngā Whakatairanga Hangarau i roto i te Hoahoa Rama Matua

Te Hangarau LED me ōna Pānga

Kua hurihia e te hangarau LED te huarahi e kite ai koe i ngā rama o waho. Kua noho ēnei rama iti, kaha hei paerewa mō te hoahoa rama nā ō rātou painga maha.

Te Whai Hua o te Pūngao me te Kanapa

He tino pai te whakamahinga o ngā rama LED. He iti ake te hiko e pau ana i ngā rama mura tuku iho, ā, ka roa ake te ora o tō rama matua i runga i te kotahi huinga pākahiko. Mā tēnei whai huatanga ka taea e koe te pārekareka ki ngā haerenga roa me te kore e manukanuka ki te whakawhiti pākahiko auau. Hei tāpiri, he kanapa whakamiharo ngā rama LED. Ka whakamāramahia tō ara me te mārama, mā, ka whakarei ake i te tirohanga i ngā mahi o te pō. Ka taea e koe te tūhura māia i ngā ara, te whakatū puni rānei, me te mōhio ka whakamāramahia e tō rama matua LED te huarahi.

Te pakari me te roa o te ora

Ko te pakari tētahi atu āhuatanga matua o ngā rama matua LED. He rerekē ngā rama mura pakarukaru, he pakari, he ātete hoki ngā LED ki ngā ru me ngā wiri. Nā tēnei he pai mō te whakamahi i waho, i ngā wāhi e kitea ai te whenua taratara me ngā āhuatanga o te rangi e kore e taea te matapae. Hei tāpiri, he roa te ora o ngā LED. Ka taea e rātou te roa mō ngā mano hāora, ka whakaiti i te hiahia ki te whakakapi pinepine. Mā tēnei roa o te ora ka noho tonu tō rama matua hei hoa pono mō ngā haerenga maha.

Ngā Āhuatanga Hou me ngā Auahatanga

I te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau, kei te whanake tonu ngā rama matua me ngā āhuatanga hou whakahihiri hei whakarei ake i ō wheako o waho.

He maha ngā wā ka whakauruhia ngā rama matua o ēnei rā kingā pākahiko ka taea te whakahou. Ehara i te mea ka penapena moni koe i ngā pākahiko whakakorekore anake i tēnei auahatanga, engari ka whakaitihia hoki te pānga ki te taiao. Ka taea e koe te whakakī anō i tō rama matua mā te whakamahi i te taura USB, kia rite tonu ai mō tō haerenga e whai ake nei. Ko ētahi tauira he whakauru i ngā kōwhiringa hiko o te rā, e āhei ai koe ki te whakamahi i te pūngao o te rā kia mau tonu te utu o tō rama matua i a koe e haere ana.

He maha ngā wā ka whakauruhia ngā pākahiko ka taea te whakahou i ngā rama o mua o ēnei rā. Ehara i te mea ka penapena moni koe i ngā pākahiko ka taea te whakamahi, engari ka whakaitihia hoki te pānga ki te taiao. Ka taea e koe te whakahou i tō rama mā te whakamahi i te taura USB, kia rite tonu ai mō tō haerenga e whai ake nei. Kei roto i ētahi tauira ngā kōwhiringa hiko o te rā, e āhei ai koe ki te whakamahi i te kaha o te rā kia mau tonu ai te utu o tō rama i a koe e haere ana.

Ngā rama matua atamaiKo te tohu tēnei o te hangarau rama matua. Kei roto i ēnei taputapu he pūoko e whakarite aunoa ana i te kanapa i runga i tō taiao. Mena kei te hikoi koe i roto i te ngahere matotoru, ka memeha te rama matua hei penapena hiko. Ina takahi koe ki tētahi wāhi tuwhera, ka tiaho kia tino kitea. Mā tēnei urutau ka whakarite kia pai te āhua o te rama i ngā wā katoa, ka whakarei ake i te haumaru me te watea.

Ko ngā rama upoko atamai te tino matatau o te hangarau rama upoko. Kei roto i ēnei taputapu he pūoko e whakarite aunoa ana i te kanapa i runga i tō taiao. Mena kei te hikoi koe i roto i te ngahere matotoru, ka memeha te rama upoko hei penapena hiko. Ina takahi koe ki tētahi wāhi tuwhera, ka tiaho kia tino kitea. Mā tēnei urutau ka whakarite kia pai te rama i ngā wā katoa, kia pai ake ai te haumaru me te watea.

E whakaatu ana te hītori o te whanaketanga o ngā rama matua o waho i tētahi haerenga whakamiharo mai i ngā rama carbide māmā ki te hangarau LED matatau. I a koe e awhi ana i ēnei auahatanga hou, ka taea e koe te titiro whakamua ki ngā whanaketanga whakahihiri ake a meake nei.

Ngā Mea Whakamere me ngā Pātai Whakamīharo

Ngā Whakamahinga Tauhou o ngā Rama Matua

Ehara i te mea ko ngā kaiwhaiwhai o waho anake ngā rama matua. Tērā pea ka kitea e koe i ngā wāhi me ngā āhuatanga kāore i te tūmanakohia. Hei tauira, he mea nui ēnei i roto i ngā kete oranga. Ahakoa kei te whakarite koe mō tētahi āhuatanga taiao, mō tētahi pakaru waka, mō tētahi whakangaromanga tūpāpaku pakiwaitara rānei, ka taea e te rama matua te whakaora i ngā oranga. Mā tōna hoahoa kore-ringa ka taea e koe te arotahi ki ngā mahi me te kore e whakamahi i te rama.

I te ao hākinakina, kua uru ngā rama upoko ki te oma me te eke pahikara i te pō. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaitākaro hei whakamārama i ngā ara me te whakarite i te haumaru i ngā wā pōuri. Tērā pea ka kitea anō hoki ēnei i roto i ngā ringa o ngā mekanika me ngā kaihikohiko, e hiahia ana kia wātea ō rātou ringa e rua ki te mahi i ngā wāhi pōuri. Ahakoa ngā kaiwhakaahua ka whakamahi i ngā rama upoko hei whakatika i ngā tautuhinga me ngā taputapu i te pōuri me te kore e whakararuraru i te tirohanga mā te uira kanapa.

Ngā Rama Matua i roto i te Ahurea Rongonui

Kua waiho hoki ngā rama upoko hei tohu i roto i te ahurea rongonui. He maha ngā wā ka puta mai i roto i ngā kiriata me ngā whakaaturanga pouaka whakaata, hei tohu mō te mōrearea me te tūhuratanga. He maha ngā wā ka mau rama upoko i ngā kiripuaki e tomo ana ki ngā ana, e tīmata ana rānei i ngā misioni pō. Mā tēnei whakaahua ka whakaū te hononga o te rama upoko ki te toa me te kitenga.

I roto i ngā tuhinga, he maha ngā wā ka kitea ngā rama upoko i roto i ngā kōrero mō te oranga me te manawanui. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaituhi hei whakaatu i te auahatanga o ngā kiripuaki e pā ana ki ngā taiao wero. Ka huri te rama upoko hei kupu whakarite mō te tumanako me te arataki i roto i te pōuri.

"I roto i te ao o ngā kēmu ataata, he taputapu nui ngā rama matua mō ngā kiripuaki e tūhura ana i ngā ao pōuri me ngā ao ngaro."

E whakaatu ana ēnei tohutoro ahurea i te hiranga me te whānui o te rama matua. Ahakoa i te ao tūturu, i te ao pakiwaitara rānei, ka whakamāramahia e ngā rama matua ngā ara me ngā mea ka taea, ā, ka waiho hei mea nui i roto i ngā horopaki maha.

E whakaatu ana te hītori o te whanaketanga o ngā rama matua o waho i tētahi haerenga whakamiharo mai i ngā rama carbide ki te hangarau LED matatau. Nā ēnei auahatanga kua hurihia te āhua o tō wheako ki waho, e whakarato ana i te rama pono me te whai hua. I te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau, ka taea e koe te tumanako ka whakauruhia e ngā rama matua ngā āhuatanga atamai ake, ka whakarei ake i te haumaru me te watea. Ko ngā whanaketanga ā muri ake nei ka uru pea ki te rama urutau me ngā puna hiko kua whakapaitia. Kia maioha ki te mahi a ngā rama matua i roto i ō haerenga, te whakamārama i ngā ara me te whakawhānui ake i ngā mea ka taea. Awhitia ēnei taputapu hei hoa nui i roto i ō wheako o waho.