Te hanganga pūnaha o ngā rama kari solar

Ko te rama kari rā he momo rama hiko matomato, he āhuatanga haumaru, he penapena hiko, he tiaki taiao me te watea te tāutanga.Rama tarutaru pūngao ā-rāKo te nuinga o te mea he pūtake mārama, he kaiwhakahaere, he pākahiko, he waeine pūtau rā me te tinana rama me ētahi atu wāhanga. I raro i te hihi mārama, ka rongoa te pūngao hiko i roto i te pākahiko mā te pūtau rā, ā, ka tukuna te pūngao hiko o te pākahiko ki te kawenga LED mā te kaiwhakahaere ina kore he mārama. He pai mō te whakapaipai rama i te tarutaru matomato i roto i ngā hapori noho me te whakapaipai i te papa tarutaru o ngā papa.

He huinga katoa orama kari rāKei roto i te pūnaha: te pūtake mārama, te kaiwhakahaere, te pākahiko, ngā wāhanga pūtau rā me te tinana rama.
Ina whiti te rā ki te pūtau rā i te awatea, ka hurihia e te pūtau rā te pūngao mārama hei pūngao hiko, ā, ka rongoatia te pūngao hiko i roto i te pākahiko mā te ara iahiko whakahaere. I muri i te pō, ka tukuna te hiko o roto i te pākahiko ki te pūtake rama LED o te rama tarutaru mā te ara iahiko whakahaere. I te atatu o te ata i muri mai, ka mutu te tuku hiko a te pākahiko ki te pūtake rama, ko tengā rama kari rāI mate, ā, ka haere tonu ngā pūtau rā ki te utu i te pākahiko. Ko te kaiwhakahaere he mea tito mai i tētahi rorohiko iti maramara kotahi me tētahi pūoko, ā, ka whakahaere i te whakatuwheratanga me te katinga o te wāhanga pūtake mārama mā te kohikohi me te aromatawai i te tohu whatu. Ko te tinana rama te mahi matua hei tiaki me te whakapaipai i te pūnaha i te awatea hei whakarite i te mahi noa o te pūnaha. I roto i ēnei, ko te pūtake mārama, te kaiwhakahaere me te pākahiko ngā mea matua hei whakatau i te mahi a te pūnaha rama tarutaru. Kei te taha matau te tūtohi hurihuri pūnaha.
Pūhiko rā
1. Momo
Ka hurihia e ngā pūtau rā te pūngao o te rā hei pūngao hiko. E toru ngā momo pūtau rā e whai hua ake ana: te silicon monocrystalline, te silicon polycrystalline, me te silicon amorphous.
(1) He pumau tonu ngā tawhā mahi o ngā pūtau hiko hiko monocrystalline, ā, he pai mō te whakamahi i ngā rohe tonga he maha ngā rā ua, ā, kāore i te nui te rā.
(2) He tino māmā te tukanga whakaputa pūtau hiko hiko polycrystalline, ā, he iti iho te utu i te hiko hiko monocrystalline. He pai mō te whakamahi i ngā rohe rawhiti me te hauauru he nui te rā me te pai o te rā.
(3) He iti noa ngā whakaritenga mō ngā pūtau hiko hiko kore-ahua mō ngā āhuatanga o te rā, ā, he pai mō te whakamahi i ngā wāhi kāore e ranea te rā o waho.
2. Ngaohiko mahi
Ko te ngaohiko mahi o te pūtau rā he 1.5 ngā wā o te ngaohiko o te pākahiko taurite kia pai ai te utu o te pākahiko. Hei tauira, e hiahiatia ana ngā pūtau rā 4.0~5.4V hei utu i ngā pākahiko 3.6V; e hiahiatia ana ngā pūtau rā 8~9V hei utu i ngā pākahiko 6V; e hiahiatia ana ngā pūtau rā 15~18V hei utu i ngā pākahiko 12V.
3. Mana whakaputa
Ko te mana whakaputa mō ia wāhanga horahanga o te pūtau rā e tata ana ki te 127 Wp/m2. Ko te pūtau rā he mea tito i ngā pūtau rā maha e honoa ana i roto i te raupapa, ā, ko tōna kaha e whakawhirinaki ana ki te mana katoa e pau ana i te pūtake mārama, ngā wāhanga tuku raina, me te kaha hihi rā ā-rohe. Ko te mana whakaputa o te kete pākahiko rā me neke atu i te 3~5 ngā wā o te mana o te pūtake mārama, ā, me nui atu i te (3~4) ngā wā i ngā wāhi he nui te mārama me te poto te wā whakakā; ki te kore, me nui atu i te (4~5) ngā wā.
pākahiko rokiroki
Ka rongoa e te pākahiko te pūngao hiko mai i ngā panera rā ina mārama, ā, ka tukuna ina hiahiatia he rama i te pō.
1. Momo
(1) Pūhiko waikawa-mata (CS): E whakamahia ana mō te tukunga hiko tere-teitei i te pāmahana iti me te kaha iti, ā, e whakamahia ana e te nuinga o ngā rama tiriti pūngao-rā. Kāore he tiaki mō te hiri, ā, he iti te utu. Heoi, me aro nui ki te ārai i te parahanga waikawa-mata, ā, me whakamutu haere.
(2) Pūhiko rokiroki nikara-kāmium (Ni-Cd): he tere tukunga teitei, he pai te mahi pāmahana iti, he roa te ora huringa, he iti te whakamahinga o te pūnaha, engari me āta tupato ki te ārai i te parahanga kāmium.
(3) Pūhiko Nikara-whakarewa (Ni-H): he tere te tukunga, he pai te mahi pāmahana iti, he iti te utu, kāore he parahanga, ā, he pūhiko matomato. Ka taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā pūnaha iti, me tino tautoko i tēnei hua. E toru ngā momo pūhiko kore-tiaki waikawa-mata, arā, ngā pūhiko waikawa-mata noa me ngā pūhiko nikara-karamiuma kawakore e whakamahia whānuitia ana.
2. Hononga pākahiko
Ina honoa whakarara, me whakaaro ki te pānga kore taurite i waenga i ngā pākahiko takitahi, ā, kaua te maha o ngā rōpū whakarara e neke atu i te whā ngā rōpū. Kia aro ki te raruraru ārai-tahae o te pākahiko i te wā tāutanga.