fannie@nbtorch.com
+0086-0574-28909873
E whakawhirinaki ana ngā wāhi manaaki manuhiri o waho kingā rama puni ā-pākihihei whakarei ake i te haumaru o ngā manuhiri, hei waihanga hoki i ngā taiao manaaki. Mā ēnei otinga rama ka kitea tonu ngā ara i muri i te tōnga o te rā, ka āwhina i ngā manuhiri ki te whakatere i te whare me te māia. Ka tautokohia hoki e ngā rama manaaki kounga teitei ngā mahi whai hua o te hotera mā te whakarato i te rama pono i ngā āhuatanga katoa o te rangi. E mōhio ana ngā kaipupuri hotera ko te haumi ki ngā pūnaha rama pakari ka whakanui ake i te pai o ngā manuhiri, ā, ka āwhina hoki ki te pupuri i te ingoa pai.
Ngā Whakaaro Matua
- Kōwhiria he pakari, he ātete ki te huarererama punihei whakarite i te roa o te mahi me te whakaiti i ngā utu tiaki i ngā wāhi hararei o waho.
- Hokohoko ki ngā rama LED e penapena ana i te pūngao me ngā rama hiko-rā hei whakaiti i ngā pire ratonga me te tautoko i ngā mahi whakangahau e pai ana ki te taiao.
- Whakamahia ngā momo rama rerekē pērā i ngā rama aho, ngā rama waipuke, ngā rama ara, me ngā rāneti kawe hei whakarei ake i te haumaru, te whakamarie, me te āhuarangi o te manuhiri.
- Whakamaherehia ngā rama i runga i te tahora o te wāhi hotera, ngā hiahia o ngā manuhiri, me ngā mahi hei waihanga i ngā wāhi ātaahua hei whakapai ake i te makona me te haumaru o ngā manuhiri.
- Whakatauritea te kounga me te tahua mā te whakaaro ki ngā utu katoa, ki ngā penapena pūngao, me ngā mahi tiaki hei hanga haumitanga rama atamai hei whakanui ake i te ingoa o tō wāhi noho.
Ngā Āhuatanga Matua o te Rama Manaakitanga Tauhokohoko
Te Pakari me te Kounga Hanga
Me tu atu ngā rama manaaki manuhiri ā-pākihi i ngā hiahia o te whakamahinga tonu i roto i ngā taiao hararei o waho. Ka hangaia e ngā kaihanga ēnei hua rama me ngā rauemi pakari me te hangarau matatau hei whakarite i te pono mō te wā roa. Mā ngā whakamātautau mahi pakari ka whakamanahia tō rātou pakari me te kounga hanga:
- Te Tiaki i te LumenKa inehia e ngā kaihangarau te pai o te pupuri a te LED i tōna putanga mārama mō ngā mano hāora, e tohu ana i tōna pakari mō te wā roa.
- Te Roanga o te WhakamātautauKo te whakamātautau roa, i waenga i te 6,000 me te 10,000 hāora, e whakatauira ana i te roanga o te ora me te mahi o te ao tūturu.
- Te Whakawhānui i te Tiaki LumenKa matapaetia e ngā tohunga te roa o te ora o te hua mā te whakatau tata i te wā e heke ai te putanga mārama ki raro i ngā paepae ahumahi, pērā i te L70.
- Ngā Tikanga WhakamātautauKa whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau i ngā pāmahana maha, ā, ka akiaki i ngā iahiko hei whakarite i te mahi ōrite puta noa i ngā taiao rerekē.
Tohutohu:Ko ngā wāhi hararei e haumi ana ki ngā hua rama kua whakamātauhia te pakari, ka whakaiti i ngā utu tiaki, ka whakaiti hoki i ngā whakararuraru ki ngā wheako a ngā manuhiri.
Ātete ki te Huarere
Rama manaaki manuhiri o wahoe tūpono tonu ana ki te pānga o ngā huarere. Ka whakamātauhia ēnei hua e ngā kaihanga ki te taiao me te pakari hei whakamana i te mahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga uaua. Ko ngā aromatawai matua ko:
- Ko te whakamātautau Parenga Whakauru (IP), e aromatawai ana i te ātete ki te puehu me te wai, ā, e whakarato ana i te whakatauranga parenga paerewa.
- He whakamātautau taiao me te pakari, e whakatauira ana i te wiri, te haumākū, te huringa pāmahana, me te koroheketanga tere.
- Te whakamātautau ahotea tere ake, e tārua ana i ngā āhuatanga ahotea o te ao tūturu hei aromatawai i te roa o te ora me te pono o te hua.
Ka taea e ngā rama e puta ana i ēnei whakamātautau te mahi pono ahakoa te ua, te hau, me ngā rerekētanga o te pāmahana, ā, he mea tino pai mō ngā wāhi manaaki manuhiri o waho.
Te Kanapa me te Putanga Mārama
He mea nui te kanapa me te putanga o te māramatanga ki te waihanga i ngā taiao hararei haumaru, whakamarie, me te ātaahua ki te titiro. Mā ngā inenga mahi hangarau ka āwhina ngā hararei ki te whiriwhiri i te māramatanga tika mō ia tono. Kei te ripanga e whai ake nei ngā paearu matua:
| Ine | Whakamāramatanga / Wāhanga | Tūranga i roto i te Whakamahinga Rama Manaaki Manuhiri |
|---|---|---|
| Te kanapa | Mārama kitea mō ia wāhanga horahanga (cd/m², nits rānei) | Mā tēnei ka noho mārama, ka noho whakamarie hoki ngā whakaaturanga me ngā wāhi ahakoa ngā āhuatanga mārama rerekē. |
| Te Kaha o te Kanapa | Te kaha o te mārama i tētahi ahunga motuhake (ngā rama iti) | Tautoko ana i ngā rama aronga, pērā i ngā rama rama, ngā rama LED arotahi rānei, hei whakamārama i ngā āhuatanga, hei waihanga wairua rānei. |
| Rerenga Kanapa | Te putanga mārama katoa (lumens) | Aromatawai ana i te kaha whānui o te kanapa mō ngā wāhi nunui, mō ngā ara rānei. |
| Te whakamārama | Te mārama e taka ana ki runga i te mata (lux) | Ka aromatawai i te māramatanga taiao me te whakarite i te kanapa mō te tirohanga me te whai huatanga o te pūngao. |
| Te Maramatanga o te Tihi | Te kanapa mōrahi i raro i ngā tikanga kua tohua | Manatokohia kei te tutuki te kanapa o te rama i ngā whakaritenga mō ngā mahi manaaki manuhiri. |
| Mahere Taurite | Te rerekētanga o te kanapa puta noa i te mata | Ka whakarite i te kanapa ōrite, he mea nui tēnei mō te whakamarie me te haumaru o ngā manuhiri. |
| Te Maramatanga Taumata-pango | Te iti rawa o te kanapa mō te ōwehenga rerekētanga | Ka pā ki te mārama o te ahua me te kounga o te tirohanga i roto i ngā whakaaturanga manaaki manuhiri. |
| Whakakorenga Mārama Āhuarangi | Ngā whakarerekētanga i runga i ngā taumata papai e karapoti ana | Ka āhei te urutau hihiri ki te mārama e huri haere ana, ka whakarei ake i te wheako manuhiri me te penapena pūngao. |
Ko ngā pūangi rama LED e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā whare manuhiri ka roa ake te ora i waenga i te 3 ki te 25 ngā wā i ngā pūangi tuku iho, ā, ka iti ake te kaha e pau ana i te 25% ki te 80%. Mā tēnei whakapainga nui o te roa o te ora me te whai huatanga ka tautoko i te pono o te mahi me ngā whāinga pumau mō ngā wāhi hararei.
Ko te uara o te mākete rama arumoni, tae atu ki ngā tono manaaki manuhiri, i tata ki te $10.01 piriona i te tau 2023, ā, e matapaetia ana ka piki ki te $14.18 piriona i te tau 2029. Ko tēnei tipu, me te tere tipu ā-tau o te 5.9%, e whakaata ana i te pikinga o te whakamahinga o ngā otinga rama auaha, whai hua-pūngao i roto i te rāngai manaaki manuhiri.
Te Whai Hua o te Pūngao
Ko te whai huatanga o te pūngao te kaupapa matua mō ngā wāhi whakangahau o waho. E rapu ana ngā kaiwhakahaere i ngā otinga rama e whakaiti ana i te whakapaunga pūngao me te pupuri tonu i te mahi teitei. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā rama whakangahau hou te hangarau LED matatau, e whakamahi ana i te hiko iti ake i ngā pūrama incandescent, halogen rānei tuku iho. He iti ake hoki te wera e puta mai ana i ngā LED, e āwhina ana ki te whakaiti i ngā utu whakamatao i ngā āhuarangi mahana ake.
Kua inehia e ngā rangahau ā-papa mai i ngā kamupene nui o California, tae atu ki te PG&E, SCE, me te SDG&E, te whai huatanga o ngā pūnaha rama arumoni. I kitea i roto i ēnei rangahau kua eke ngā hangarau rama whai hua, pērā i ngā rama hiko T8 me ngā rama hiko kiato (CFL), ki ngā taumata mākū neke atu i te 55% me te 59% i roto i ngā whare arumoni. Ko te rama hiko nui (HID) hoki te take mō te 42% o ngā whakaurunga. Tata ki te 39% o te katoa o te whakapaunga pūngao arumoni e whakamahia ana, e rite ana ki te 31,000 GWh i te tau 2000 puta noa i ēnei kamupene. Ko te kaha o te whakamahinga pūngao (EUI), e inehia ana i roto i ngā kilowatt-haora ia putu tapawha, ka āwhina i ngā wāhi hararei ki te whakatau i ā rātou utu pūngao e pā ana ki te rama me te tautuhi i ngā whai wāhitanga hei whakapai ake.
Ko ngā wāhi hararei e haumi ana ki ngā rama penapena-pūngao ka whai hua mai i ngā pire ratonga iti me te whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao. He maha ngā rama puni arumoni e tuku ana i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te whakaiti i te kanapa, ngā pūoko nekehanga, me te utu hiko o te rā. Mā ēnei kōwhiringa ka pai ake te whakamahinga pūngao me te tautoko i ngā whāinga pumau.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-20-2025
